Preheater for use in the chemical industry, especially for use in the petroleum-tar and the like industry



`L. STEINSCHNEIDER. PREHEATER FOR UsE IN THE CHENIICAL INDUSTRY ESPECIALLY EUR USE IN THE PETROLEUM TAR AND THE LIKE INDUSTRY.

I APPLICATION FILED NOV- 3,1'914. L'?. aenw Apr. 209 IUZU,

"UNITED sTArEs rnrnnr ornicE.

LEoSTEINScHNEIDER, or BRNN, AUSTRIA, AssIeNoR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, To THE oHEIIIoAL EoUnnATIon, Inc., A coRroRATIoN or DELAWARE.

TREHEATER FOR USE IN TIIE CHEMICAL InnusTRY, ESPECIALLY EoR USE IN THE PETROLEUM-TAR AND LIKE INDUSTRY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 2o, 1920.

Application led November 3, 1914. Serial No. 870,089.

To all whom t may concern." y

Be it known that I, Luo STEiNsCnNnmnn, a subject oi' the Emperor of Austria, residing at Brnn, in the Empire of Austria. Franzensglacis 1, have inventcda new and useful Preheater for Use in. the Chemical Industry, .Especially for Use inthe Petroleum-Tar and the like Industry, ofwhieh the following is a specification.

Previous crude oil pr -heaters consist Eundamentally of a horizontal vessel having arranged therein a system of horizontal tubes j diameter of the pre-heater vessel.

practically proved that the best dephlegmainto which the distillate gases pass Jfrom the ,still-head. Iii such pre-heaters are to be constructed with a large capacity the dimensions become veryV great and therefore they require expensive foundations and surrounf.- ing walls. One great disadvantage of these pre-heaters isthe faulty and insuiiicient dephlegmation ofthe crude oil during the preheating, Vas the rising of the crude oil is limited, the height of rise being less thap the t is tion occurs, When the crude oil is able to rise as highly as possible in the pre-heater, the

water being thereby separated mechanically. rIhe drawing shows an example of a preheater according to the-present invention.

1 is a vessel whichcontains the oil to be pre-heated which vessel according to the invention is arranged in an upright position.

e is the inlet tube for the crude oil and athe discharge tube. 2 are the tubes of the tubular system, into and through which the distillate gases pass; 4, 5 are chambers, to which the tubes 2 are connected, preferably by expansion, in order to avoid ange-connections. 3 is the entrance tube Jfor the ydistillate gases and 8 the discharge tube for the uncondensed distillate gases. In the example shown, for this purpose one of these chambers, for example the chamber 4, is provided with a partition 6, which divides the chamber into two parts, from which the liquefied dephlegmates are carried oill through the outlets 7, 8. To utilize the heat contained in the condensates, the discharge of the dephlegmates may be eiected by means of coils 9, 1,0. In the drawingr 11 is the discharge tube of the coil 9, and 12 the discharge tube of ithe coil 10.

In order to regulate the dephlegmation in the example shown, a jacket 16 is provided,

which jacket surrounds the. tubularsystein and. is capable of being shut or closed aty its lower end. The closing of this jacket may be effected from the exterior by a flap valve 1S which is arranged in a narrowed tubular portion 17 of the jacket 16. If the iiap is moved to such position that it closes the cross 'sectional area oic the portion 17 and thereby also closes the jacket, the entrance of neu1 portions of oil to the tube system 2 is thereby prevented. For this reason the crude oil contained within the jacket 1'6 will become hotter than the crude oilsurrounding the outer part of the jacket. As the dillerence of temperature between the distillate gases and the crude oil surrounding the tube system is thereby diminished, the heat trans-l mission of the tube system is decreased, and

the production of oondensates is thereby infiuenced.

If the pre-heater is to be constructed as a combined distillateand residue pre-heater, it is only necessary to arrange a coil 13 for the residues. In the dravvin 14 designates the inlet tube for the hot residue and 15 the outlet tube. A combined distillate and residue pre-heater of this ln'nd offers the advantage that the total cross sectional area of ceive distillate gases or vapors, the heat oi" which vapors is adapted to heat the liquid to be pre-heated in said vessel, a jacket around said system of horizontal tubes, Said jacket having a cross-sectional area less than that of said vessel, and being adapted to permit a circulation of the contents of the vessel' through and around the same, and means Jfor controlling the circulation of the lliquid in said vessel.

2. In a pre-heater for use in the chemical industry, an upright vessel containing. the

lliquid to be pre-heated, the height of Said vessel being greater than the dimension thereof in the-horizontal direction, a system of horizontal tubes, manifolds at the ends of said tubes, horizontal partitions in one of .A saidmanifolds5 a ppei-^leading to of the subdivisions of Said manifold adapted to carry oil' condensates, said tube system being alaptedrto heattheliqid to be'vpre-heated in v 5 salcl Vessel, a residue coil located in the lower partof saidvvessfel below the system ol horizontal tubes, a jacket around said system of horizontal|` tubes Said f j acket" having`A a v orosssectional arealess thanothatof saiclzvessel,

10 and beingadapted to permit a circulation of the contente of the vessel throghand'arounal the same, and means for controllingthe' Cixiculation of ythe liquid inv said Vessel.

In Witness whereof Ihave'hereunto.-,sigrzleely i my name 1n the presence of two subscrlblng 15 

